Bright copy hectograph duplication



My L E941 W. J, @HAMPHQN 292470349/ BRIGHT com' HECTOGRAPH nUPLxcATloN File April 15, 1940 Patented July 1, 194i ori-ica UNITED s1-ME BRIGHT COPY BEC'EDGRAPH DUPHCA'IKUN William 3. Champion, Berwyn, nl., assigner to Ditto, Incorporated, Chicago, lill., a

of West Virginia corporation Application april I3, i940, Serial No. 329,429

(Cl. dl3l.6)

l2 Claims.

Most means for increasing copying strength depend on softening the copy mass or increasing 15 iS due t0 SOmethIlg more than S01Ve11'f action the tackmess of the mass, which in tum 1eads as shown by the fact that sorbitol, emulsied to impaired running prperties The copy oil, greases and waxes, which are poor solvents brightening ineans contemplated in this inven- 01' DOH-SOWBHS OI' heCtOgTaPh dyes also intion do not have these drawbacks. crease the 00101 intensty- I have' discovered that high copying strength 20 The alkyd resin. Preferably in a uid state with improved running ,qualities are obtained if an alkyd resin is incorporated in the gelatinous hectograph copy mass.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the following detailed description progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawing wherein- Fig. l is a sectional elevation of a hectograph pad constituting a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a modiiled hectograph pad.

In Fig. 1, the reference character l designates l` a gelatinous composition containing an alkyd resin uniformly dispersed therein forming the copy mass which is secured to a backing 3 oi paper, cloth or other suitable material, by means of a bonding layer 2 which may be of any of the usual compositions such as linseed oil, iish oil, or lacquers containing tanning agents or wetting agents-or other suitable bonding agents which have been used to obtain increased adhesion of a copy mass to a backing.

The bonding layer is not essential but is very desirable for hectograph rolls. A hectograph pad which does not have anintermediate bonding layer is shown in Fig. 2 wherein the reference numeral l represents the gelatin-alkyd resin composition secured directly to the backin t.

g'lhe copy mass embodied in the present invention comprises a gelling agent such as g1ue or gelatin; water; a softener such as glycerin, mvert sugar, sodium lactate or the like; preferprotein precipitant, and an alkyd resin uniformly dispersed in the mixture.

In one embodiment of the invention, auxiliary color intensiflers are used with the alkyd resin in the gelatinous copy mass. Highly suitable substances are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,

and sorbitol, which preferably are used in small amounts such as from 1A to 3%. Also with less satisfactory results but with some advantage in copying qualities there may be incorporated small proportions of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and dimethoxytetra glycol. In small'amounts these substances have a dye intensifying action which is mixed with the gelatin, water and other ingredients and heated in a water bath with stirring until the gelatin dissolves and the ingredients `are uniformly dispersed so that they will not settle out on standing. The fluid composition so formed is then coated on the backing and allowed to gel, forming a hectograph blanket.

It is not necessary to incorporate the alkyd resin as such in the mixture. For example, phthalic anhydride may be incorporated in a duplication mass which comprises gelatin, water and glycerin. In this case the phthalic anhydride or phthalic acid in the. mass will react with the glycerin forming sumcient alkyd resin to give the desired effect. It appears, however, that even prior to reaction of the polyhydric alcohol with the polybasic acid there is attained some advantage in increased color brightness from the copy mass.

The alkyd resins contemplated include all the resinous (uid or solid) reaction products of polyhydric alcohols with polybasic acids such as are obtained by reaction between glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, sorbitol, and the like, with phthalic anhydride (or acid), succinic acid, maleic acid, and the like. It is intended to include in the term alkyd resin the alkyl phthalyl alkyl glycollates known as Santiczers Suitable alkyd resins are also the modified alkyd resins'such as cottonseed oil, modied glycerol phthalate resins, and glycerol phthalate resins modied with fatty acids. It is advisable to use alkyd resins which are wholly or partially com- Ptible With the gelatin, water and glycerin of the ably a hardener such as formaldehyde or other l hectograph composition.

To illustrate the invention, the following formulae of suitable hectograph compositions are given:

Fairly Medium Very bright bright bright copies Y copies copies Per cent Per cent Per cent Glycerol phthalate resin. 0. 25 l. 0 5. 0 Gelatin, bloom strength 220. 7.00 7.0 7. Water vl0. 00 10.0 10.0 Glycerin 82. 75 82. 0 78. 0

As an example of glycerol phthalate resins which are suitable in the-above composition, the following are given:

(1) Phthalic glyceride resin.

, Grams Glycerin 100 Phrthalic anhydride 160 Acetamide (catalyst) Heat 210 C. for one-half hour.

(2) Stearic phthalz'c glycer'z'de Y Grams Stearic acid 60 Phthalic anhydride 160 Glycerin 00 Heat one-half hour at 210 C.

(3) Olezfc phthalc glycerz'de.

' Grams Olec acid 60 Phthalic anhydride i160' Glycerin |100 Heat one-half hour at 210 C.

The above resins are fluids and form opalescent mixtures with the gelatin-water-glycerin. They appear to be dispersed in the composition in the form of particles of colloidal dimensions. However, I do not intend to be limited as to the mannerin which the alkyd resin is dispersed in the hectograph composition.

Alkyd resin plasticizers, which are in some measure miscible or soluble with glycerin but l still not sufciently soluble therein to orm av true solution, will cause thedesired copy brightmight show Aan objectionable solvent action toward the lacquer in the ro-ll backing. However, this may be compensated for by increasing the glue or gelatin content of the roll and then amounts even higher than 7 per cent may be employed.

In order to counteract any tendency for attacking the lacquer on the roll backing, I may incorporate with the brightening agent materials soluble in the brghtening agent but not solvents for lacquer. I may mix with the brightening agent a. proportion oi glycol or glycerol esters or 'the like, or of mineral oil.

.The following examples illustrate the invention:

- Example I Parts 5 Gelatin 30 Water 45 Glycerin 360 Ethyl phthalyl ethyl glycollate- (by weight) 8 Example II 10 Parts Gelatin 30 Water 45 Ethyl phthalyl ethyl glycollate 2 Chrome alum 316 15 Glycerin- 40o Example III Parts Glue- 60 20 Water 90 Glycerin 350 Sorbitnl 10 Chrome alum ia Formaldehyde 1x6 25 Butyl phthalyl butyl glycollate I12 Example IV Par-ts Glue 60 Water n 30 Glycerin 400 Butyl phthalyl butyl gly-collate |10 Diglycol oleate 2 crystal violet, fuchsine and the like. The de' sign is then contacted with the gelatinous copy surface of the pad, whereupon the dye is largely transferred to the composition giving the design in mirror reverse. Copies are then made by contacting sheets of paper with the design on the hectograph copy mass. It will be found that a large number of copies of high color intensity can be obtained when the gelatinous copy mass contains a polyhydric alcohol and a polybasic acid, particularly when these ingredients have combined to form the alkyd resin.

While I have shown and described certain embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that it is capable of many modications. Substitutions of equivalent materials and changes in the proportions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the appended claims in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in my invention as broadly as possible prior art.

I claim: l. A hectograph blanket comprising a gelatmous copy mass containing a polyhydric alcohol and a polybasic acid.

2. A hectograph blanket comprising a gelatinous copy mass containing an alkyd resin.

3. A hectognaph blanket comprising a copy vma-ss containing gelatin, water, glycerin and an alkyd resin.

4. A hectograph blanket comprising a copy containing gelatin, water, glycerin, an alkyd resin, and a substance selected from a group in view of the consisting of glycols, glycol ether-s, sorbtol and emulsied oils, waxes, and fats.

5. A hectograph blanket comprising a. copy mass containing gelatin, water, glycerin, an alkyd resin, and a minor proportion of ethylene glycol.

6. A copy mass comprising gelatin, Water, a polyhydric alcohol, and a polybasic acid.

7. A copy mass comprising gelatin, water, glycerin, and an alkyd resin.

8. A copy mass c-omprising gelatin, water, glycerin, an alkyd resin, and a substance selected from the group consisting of glycols, glycol ethers, sorbitol, and emulsiied oils, waxes, and fats.

9. A copy mass comprising gelatin, water, glycerin, an alkyd resin, and a minor amount of ethylene glycol.

10. A composition particularly adapted for hec'tograph copy masses comprising gelatin, wa.- ter, a polyhydric alcohol and a poli/basic acid.

11. A composition particularly adaptedfor hectograph copy masses comprising gelatin, glycerin, a polybasic acid, and a substance selected from the group consisting of glycols, glycol ethers, sorbitol, and emulsied oils, waxes, and fats.

12. The method of producing copiesr of high color intensity which comprises contacting a sheet having a desi-gn of a water and alcohol soluble basic dye with a gelatinous copy mass containing an alkyd resin whereupon the design in reverse appears upon the copy mass, and contacting the design on the copy mass With a copy sheet to transfer the design to the copy sheet. WILLIAM J. CHAMPION. 

